The formula that you are looking for is based on the size of the sensor, as you suspect. According to CIPA guidelines, 35 mm equivalent focal length is to be calculated like this: "Converted focal length into 35 mm camera" = (Diagonal distance of image area in the 35 mm camera (43.27 mm) / Diagonal distance of image area on the image sensor of the DSC) × focal length of the lens of the DSC. With the invention of digital SLRs, the camera sensor (the device that captures images) is often much smaller than the 35mm film, primarily because of high cost. For example, the above angle of view of 84° for the 24mm f/1.4G is only for a full-frame camera. wide angle lens / wide angle of view – means a wider view of the scene is captured within the field of view. You might have heard people say something like “Nikon D90 camera has a 1.5x crop factor” or “Canon 60D has a 1.6x crop factor”. For a thick lens (one which has a non-negligible thickness), or an imaging system consisting of several lenses or mirrors (e.g. For example, the Nikon 24mm f/1.4G lens has an field of view equivalent to approximately 36mm when mounted on a cropped sensor camera like Nikon D90. Thanks a lot again , will be waiting for your new articles……, Focal Length Comparison on Nikon DX (1.5 Crop Factor) Cameras, Z6 II vs. Z7 II – advice on which one better for enthusiast level, To watermark or not to watermark on prints. Cameras with sensors or films larger than a 35mm frame will have sub-one crop factors. So I expect a DX 50mm will give me the same FoV as a Fx 50mm – the DX will just be lighter and (probably) cheaper. You need only specify the focal length of the individual elements and the spacing between the elements. As I have shown above, in relation to the camera sensor, the focal length of the lens never changes – only the field of view does. With all my respect and appreciation, David, Thanks a lot for such an informative post , I was pretty confused on buying a lens of fixed focal length , I realise the difference now after going through this article. Think of it as the right part of the above illustration, except the circle is much smaller. What do you do with this ratio? And it is an excellent article and really hits the nail on the head. By now you understand what “equivalent focal length” truly stands for and how the smaller sensors ignore the larger circle area. You'll see that larger than 35mm formats, 50mm equivalent lenses actually sound like telephotos. Since 35 mm film is normally used for images with an aspect ratio (width-to-height ratio) of 3:2, while many digital cameras have a 4:3 aspect ratio, which have different diagonal-to-width ratios, these two definitions are often not equivalent. Compare cases “B” and “C”, I see, that with the same lens, in case “C”, a focus distance is increased (100 x 1,5) Thus I am inclined to suggest, that in case A, a focus distance is increased also (60mm/35mm). Basically, the lens itself passes through a smaller image circle and by the time it gets to the sensor, not much of the circle is actually wasted. If you are shooting with a DSLR camera, the field of view is typically what you see inside the viewfinder. The full frame camera has a diagonal of 43.26 (square root of 1296+576), while the cropped sensor cameras have an approximate diagonal of 28.84 (square root of 576 + 256). Let’s now get back to the term “equivalent focal length”. The focal length is therefore 4 centimeters. For example, the Nikon full-frame cameras approximately have a sensor size of 36mm x 24mm which gives us a surface area of 864. It is the content – the view of the scene – that is enlarged onto my field of view. [3] For example, a 50mm f/2 lens on a 2× crop factor Micro Four Thirds camera would be equivalent to a 100 mm (= 2×50 mm) f/4 (= f/(2×2)) lens on a Full-frame digital SLR in terms of field of view, depth of field, total light gathered,[4] and diffraction effects. How do two cameras with different sensor sizes have the same image resolution? I was actually trying to answer a slightly different question, and it’s hard to know what to Google for the right results. In photography, the 35 mm equivalent focal length is a measure that indicates the angle of view of a particular combination of a camera lens and film or sensor size. No issues at all. Cropped-sensor cameras like the Nikon D90, on the other hand, have an approximate sensor size of 24mm x 16mm, which is around 384 in surface area – a whopping 2.3 times smaller compared to Nikon D3s! The power of a lens is specified as the inverse of the focal length in meters, or D =\[\frac{1}{F}\], where D is the power in dioptres. Good article. I am using a Nikon D5200 with a 18 – 55 and planning to buy a 35 mm prime.
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